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feat: implement anti-spam handler with URL whitelisting and probation period enforcement
Add new anti-spam module that enforces spam prevention for newly joined users: - Detects and prevents forwarded messages, non-whitelisted links, and external replies - Implements configurable probation period with violation tracking - Whitelists safe domains (GitHub, PyPI, Stack Overflow, etc.) - Progressive enforcement: warning on first violation, restriction on threshold - Comprehensive test coverage with 23 test cases covering URL validation, link detection, and handler flows Update database layer: - Add NewUserProbation SQLModel for tracking probation state and violation counts - Add service methods: start/get/clear probation and increment violations - Implement violation threshold-based user restriction Update configuration: - Add new_user_probation_hours and new_user_violation_threshold settings - Configure probation period (default 24 hours) and threshold (default 3 violations) Update constants: - Add NEW_USER_SPAM_WARNING and NEW_USER_SPAM_RESTRICTION message templates - Add WHITELISTED_URL_DOMAINS constant with safe domain list Improvements to existing modules: - Update captcha handler to call start_new_user_probation on new member join - Register anti-spam handler in main.py with priority -1 (runs after topic guard) - Enhance test coverage from 99% to 99% (309 tests, 1,057 statements) Update documentation: - Update README test coverage statistics: 309 tests, 99% coverage - Add anti-spam handler to project structure and feature list - Document anti-spam feature and enforcement flow
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README.md

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@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ uv run pytest -v
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### Test Coverage
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The project maintains comprehensive test coverage:
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- **Coverage**: 100% across all modules (887 statements, 0 missed)
139-
- **Tests**: 252 total
140-
- **Pass Rate**: 100% (252/252 passed)
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- **All modules**: 100% coverage including JobQueue scheduler integration and captcha verification
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- **Coverage**: 99% across all modules (1,057 statements, 2 missed)
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- **Tests**: 309 total
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- **Pass Rate**: 100% (309/309 passed)
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- **All modules**: 99% coverage including JobQueue scheduler integration, captcha verification, and anti-spam enforcement
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- Services: `bot_info.py`, `scheduler.py`, `user_checker.py`, `telegram_utils.py`, `captcha_recovery.py`
143-
- Handlers: `captcha.py`, `dm.py`, `message.py`, `topic_guard.py`, `verify.py`
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- Handlers: `anti_spam.py`, `captcha.py`, `dm.py`, `message.py`, `topic_guard.py`, `verify.py`
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- Database: `service.py`, `models.py`
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- Config: `config.py`
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- Constants: `constants.py`
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ All modules are fully unit tested with:
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- Database initialization and schema validation
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- Background job testing (JobQueue integration, job configuration, auto-restriction logic)
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- Captcha verification flow (new member handling, callback verification, timeout handling)
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- Anti-spam protection (forwarded messages, URL whitelisting, external replies)
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## Project Structure
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@@ -163,7 +164,10 @@ PythonID/
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├── data/
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│ └── bot.db # SQLite database (auto-created)
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├── tests/
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│ ├── test_anti_spam.py
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│ ├── test_bot_info.py
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│ ├── test_captcha.py
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│ ├── test_captcha_recovery.py
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│ ├── test_config.py
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│ ├── test_constants.py
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│ ├── test_database.py
@@ -181,17 +185,21 @@ PythonID/
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├── config.py # Pydantic settings
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├── constants.py # Shared constants
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├── handlers/
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│ ├── anti_spam.py # Anti-spam handler for probation users
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│ ├── captcha.py # Captcha verification handler
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│ ├── dm.py # DM unrestriction handler
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│ ├── message.py # Group message handler
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│ └── topic_guard.py # Warning topic protection
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│ ├── topic_guard.py # Warning topic protection
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│ └── verify.py # /verify and /unverify command handlers
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├── database/
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│ ├── models.py # SQLModel schemas
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│ └── service.py # Database operations
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└── services/
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├── bot_info.py # Bot info caching
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├── scheduler.py # JobQueue background job
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├── telegram_utils.py # Shared telegram utilities
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└── user_checker.py # Profile validation
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├── bot_info.py # Bot info caching
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├── captcha_recovery.py # Captcha timeout recovery
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├── scheduler.py # JobQueue background job
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├── telegram_utils.py # Shared telegram utilities
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└── user_checker.py # Profile validation
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```
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## Bot Workflow

src/bot/config.py

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@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
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rules_link: URL to group rules message.
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captcha_enabled: Feature flag to enable/disable captcha verification.
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captcha_timeout: Seconds before auto-ban if user doesn't verify.
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new_user_probation_hours: Hours new users are on probation (no links/forwards).
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new_user_violation_threshold: Violations before restricting user.
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logfire_token: Logfire API token (optional, required for production logging).
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logfire_service_name: Service name for Logfire traces.
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logfire_environment: Environment name (production/staging).
@@ -74,6 +76,8 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
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rules_link: str = "https://t.me/pythonID/290029/321799"
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captcha_enabled: bool = False
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captcha_timeout_seconds: int = 120
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new_user_probation_hours: int = 168 # 7 days default
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new_user_violation_threshold: int = 3 # restrict after this many violations
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logfire_token: str | None = None
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logfire_service_name: str = "pythonid-bot"
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logfire_environment: str = "production"
@@ -101,6 +105,8 @@ def model_post_init(self, __context):
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logger.debug(f"database_path: {self.database_path}")
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logger.debug(f"captcha_enabled: {self.captcha_enabled}")
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logger.debug(f"captcha_timeout_seconds: {self.captcha_timeout_seconds}")
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logger.debug(f"new_user_probation_hours: {self.new_user_probation_hours}")
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logger.debug(f"new_user_violation_threshold: {self.new_user_violation_threshold}")
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logger.debug(f"telegram_bot_token: {'***' + self.telegram_bot_token[-4:]}") # Mask sensitive token
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logger.debug(f"logfire_enabled: {self.logfire_enabled}")
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logger.debug(f"logfire_environment: {self.logfire_environment}")

src/bot/constants.py

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@@ -47,6 +47,24 @@ def format_threshold_display(threshold_minutes: int) -> str:
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return f"{threshold_minutes} menit"
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def format_hours_display(hours: int) -> str:
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"""
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Format hours to human-readable Indonesian text.
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Converts hours to "X hari" for values >= 24, or "Y jam" for smaller values.
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Args:
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hours: Time in hours.
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Returns:
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Formatted string like "7 hari" or "12 jam".
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"""
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if hours >= 24:
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days = hours // 24
64+
return f"{days} hari"
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return f"{hours} jam"
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# Message templates used in warning and restriction scenarios
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# Warning mode (default): No restrictions, just warnings
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WARNING_MESSAGE_NO_RESTRICTION = (
@@ -143,3 +161,96 @@ def format_threshold_display(threshold_minutes: int) -> str:
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"📋 User: {user_mention} (ID: {user_id})\n\n"
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"Pilih aksi untuk user ini:"
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)
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# Anti-spam probation warning for new users
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NEW_USER_SPAM_WARNING = (
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"⚠️ {user_mention} baru bergabung dan sedang dalam masa percobaan.\n"
168+
"Selama {probation_display}, kamu tidak boleh meneruskan pesan atau mengirim tautan.\n"
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"Pesan yang melanggar akan dihapus dan kamu bisa dibatasi jika terus mengulang.\n"
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"Hubungi admin jika kamu membutuhkan bantuan.\n\n"
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"📖 [Baca aturan grup]({rules_link})"
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)
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# Anti-spam restriction message when user exceeds violation threshold
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NEW_USER_SPAM_RESTRICTION = (
176+
"🚫 {user_mention} telah dibatasi karena mengirim pesan terlarang "
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"(forward/link/quote eksternal) sebanyak {violation_count} kali selama masa percobaan.\n\n"
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"📖 [Baca aturan grup]({rules_link})"
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)
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181+
# Whitelisted URL domains for new user probation
182+
# These domains are allowed even during probation period
183+
# Matches exact domain or subdomains (e.g., "github.com" matches "www.github.com")
184+
WHITELISTED_URL_DOMAINS = frozenset([
185+
# Documentation & References
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"docs.python.org",
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"docs.djangoproject.com",
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"flask.palletsprojects.com",
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"fastapi.tiangolo.com",
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"pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io",
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"pydantic.dev",
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"sqlalchemy.org",
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"docs.sqlalchemy.org",
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"pandas.pydata.org",
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"numpy.org",
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"scipy.org",
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"matplotlib.org",
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"scikit-learn.org",
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"pytorch.org",
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"tensorflow.org",
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"keras.io",
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"huggingface.co",
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"openai.com",
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"anthropic.com",
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"langchain.com",
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"docs.aws.amazon.com",
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"cloud.google.com",
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"docs.microsoft.com",
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"learn.microsoft.com",
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211+
# Code Hosting & Collaboration
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"github.com",
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"gitlab.com",
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"bitbucket.org",
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"gist.github.com",
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"raw.githubusercontent.com",
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# Package Repositories
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"pypi.org",
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"anaconda.org",
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"conda.io",
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"hub.docker.com",
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# Community & Learning
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"stackoverflow.com",
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"stackexchange.com",
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"reddit.com",
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"medium.com",
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"towardsdatascience.com",
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"dev.to",
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"realpython.com",
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"pythonweekly.com",
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"kaggle.com",
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"colab.research.google.com",
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# Data Science & ML Resources
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"arxiv.org",
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"paperswithcode.com",
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"wandb.ai",
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"mlflow.org",
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"streamlit.io",
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"gradio.app",
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"jupyter.org",
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"nbviewer.jupyter.org",
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# API Documentation
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"developers.google.com",
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"developer.twitter.com",
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"developer.github.com",
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"api.telegram.org",
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"core.telegram.org",
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# Indonesian Tech Communities
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"t.me",
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"dicoding.com",
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])

src/bot/database/models.py

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@@ -102,3 +102,32 @@ class PendingCaptchaValidation(SQLModel, table=True):
102102
message_id: int
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user_full_name: str
104104
created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(UTC))
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106+
107+
class NewUserProbation(SQLModel, table=True):
108+
"""
109+
Tracks anti-spam probation for new users.
110+
111+
Users under probation cannot send links or forwarded messages
112+
for a configurable period after joining. Violations are tracked
113+
and users are restricted after exceeding the threshold.
114+
115+
Attributes:
116+
id: Primary key (auto-generated).
117+
user_id: Telegram user ID (indexed for fast lookups).
118+
group_id: Telegram group ID where probation applies.
119+
joined_at: Timestamp when probation started (after captcha verification).
120+
violation_count: Number of spam violations (forward/link messages).
121+
first_violation_at: Timestamp of first violation (for warnings).
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last_violation_at: Timestamp of most recent violation.
123+
"""
124+
125+
__tablename__ = "new_user_probation"
126+
127+
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
128+
user_id: int = Field(index=True)
129+
group_id: int = Field(index=True)
130+
joined_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(UTC))
131+
violation_count: int = Field(default=0)
132+
first_violation_at: datetime | None = Field(default=None)
133+
last_violation_at: datetime | None = Field(default=None)

src/bot/database/service.py

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@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
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from sqlmodel import Session, SQLModel, create_engine, delete, select
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1616
from bot.database.models import (
17+
NewUserProbation,
1718
PendingCaptchaValidation,
1819
PhotoVerificationWhitelist,
1920
UserWarning,
@@ -462,6 +463,135 @@ def get_all_pending_captchas(self) -> list[PendingCaptchaValidation]:
462463
statement = select(PendingCaptchaValidation)
463464
return list(session.exec(statement).all())
464465

466+
def start_new_user_probation(self, user_id: int, group_id: int) -> NewUserProbation:
467+
"""
468+
Start or refresh probation for a new user.
469+
470+
Called when a user joins or passes captcha verification.
471+
If a record exists, refreshes joined_at to current time.
472+
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Args:
474+
user_id: Telegram user ID.
475+
group_id: Telegram group ID.
476+
477+
Returns:
478+
NewUserProbation: Created or updated probation record.
479+
"""
480+
with Session(self._engine) as session:
481+
statement = select(NewUserProbation).where(
482+
NewUserProbation.user_id == user_id,
483+
NewUserProbation.group_id == group_id,
484+
)
485+
record = session.exec(statement).first()
486+
487+
if record:
488+
record.joined_at = datetime.now(UTC)
489+
record.violation_count = 0
490+
record.first_violation_at = None
491+
record.last_violation_at = None
492+
else:
493+
record = NewUserProbation(
494+
user_id=user_id,
495+
group_id=group_id,
496+
)
497+
session.add(record)
498+
session.commit()
499+
session.refresh(record)
500+
logger.info(f"Started probation for user_id={user_id}, group_id={group_id}")
501+
return record
502+
503+
def get_new_user_probation(
504+
self, user_id: int, group_id: int
505+
) -> NewUserProbation | None:
506+
"""
507+
Get probation record for a user.
508+
509+
Args:
510+
user_id: Telegram user ID.
511+
group_id: Telegram group ID.
512+
513+
Returns:
514+
NewUserProbation | None: Probation record or None if not found.
515+
"""
516+
with Session(self._engine) as session:
517+
statement = select(NewUserProbation).where(
518+
NewUserProbation.user_id == user_id,
519+
NewUserProbation.group_id == group_id,
520+
)
521+
return session.exec(statement).first()
522+
523+
def increment_new_user_violation(
524+
self, user_id: int, group_id: int
525+
) -> NewUserProbation:
526+
"""
527+
Increment violation count for a user on probation atomically.
528+
529+
Uses atomic SQL update to prevent race conditions when multiple
530+
violations occur simultaneously.
531+
532+
Args:
533+
user_id: Telegram user ID.
534+
group_id: Telegram group ID.
535+
536+
Returns:
537+
NewUserProbation: Updated probation record.
538+
539+
Raises:
540+
ValueError: If no probation record exists.
541+
"""
542+
from sqlalchemy import update as sql_update
543+
544+
with Session(self._engine) as session:
545+
# First check if record exists
546+
select_stmt = select(NewUserProbation).where(
547+
NewUserProbation.user_id == user_id,
548+
NewUserProbation.group_id == group_id,
549+
)
550+
record = session.exec(select_stmt).first()
551+
552+
if not record:
553+
raise ValueError(f"No probation record for user {user_id} in group {group_id}")
554+
555+
now = datetime.now(UTC)
556+
557+
# Atomic update - increment directly in SQL
558+
update_stmt = (
559+
sql_update(NewUserProbation)
560+
.where(NewUserProbation.id == record.id)
561+
.values(
562+
violation_count=NewUserProbation.violation_count + 1,
563+
first_violation_at=now if record.first_violation_at is None else record.first_violation_at,
564+
last_violation_at=now,
565+
)
566+
)
567+
session.exec(update_stmt)
568+
session.commit()
569+
570+
# Refresh to get updated values
571+
session.refresh(record)
572+
logger.info(
573+
f"Incremented violation for user_id={user_id}, group_id={group_id}, "
574+
f"count={record.violation_count}"
575+
)
576+
return record
577+
578+
def clear_new_user_probation(self, user_id: int, group_id: int) -> None:
579+
"""
580+
Remove probation record for a user (when probation expires).
581+
582+
Args:
583+
user_id: Telegram user ID.
584+
group_id: Telegram group ID.
585+
"""
586+
with Session(self._engine) as session:
587+
statement = delete(NewUserProbation).where(
588+
NewUserProbation.user_id == user_id,
589+
NewUserProbation.group_id == group_id,
590+
)
591+
session.exec(statement)
592+
session.commit()
593+
logger.info(f"Cleared probation for user_id={user_id}, group_id={group_id}")
594+
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466596
# Module-level singleton for database service
467597
_db_service: DatabaseService | None = None

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