diff --git a/core/core/src/types/context/write.rs b/core/core/src/types/context/write.rs
index f965eaae0fb9..a9c464ec45fd 100644
--- a/core/core/src/types/context/write.rs
+++ b/core/core/src/types/context/write.rs
@@ -154,10 +154,18 @@ impl WriteGenerator<oio::Writer> {
         // - write buffer + bs directly.
         if !self.exact {
             let fill_size = bs.len();
+            // Save old buffer before pushing bs, so we can restore only the old
+            // buffer on failure. The caller will retry with the same bs.
+            let old_buffer = self.buffer.clone();
             self.buffer.push(bs);
             let buf = self.buffer.take().collect();
-            self.w.write_dyn(buf).await?;
-            return Ok(fill_size);
+            match self.w.write_dyn(buf).await {
+                Ok(()) => return Ok(fill_size),
+                Err(err) => {
+                    self.buffer = old_buffer;
+                    return Err(err);
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         // Condition:
@@ -167,8 +175,12 @@ impl WriteGenerator<oio::Writer> {
         // Action:
         // - write existing buffer in chunk_size to make more rooms for writing data.
         if self.buffer.len() >= chunk_size {
-            let buf = self.buffer.take().collect();
-            self.w.write_dyn(buf).await?;
+            let taken = self.buffer.take();
+            let buf = taken.clone().collect();
+            if let Err(err) = self.w.write_dyn(buf).await {
+                self.buffer = taken;
+                return Err(err);
+            }
         }
 
         // Condition
@@ -190,8 +202,12 @@ impl WriteGenerator<oio::Writer> {
                 break;
             }
 
-            let buf = self.buffer.take().collect();
-            self.w.write_dyn(buf).await?;
+            let taken = self.buffer.take();
+            let buf = taken.clone().collect();
+            if let Err(err) = self.w.write_dyn(buf).await {
+                self.buffer = taken;
+                return Err(err);
+            }
         }
 
         self.w.close().await
@@ -548,4 +564,168 @@ mod tests {
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    /// A mock writer that fails the first N write calls, then succeeds.
+    /// Used to test that WriteGenerator retains buffered data on write failure.
+    struct FailOnceMockWriter {
+        buf: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
+        fail_count: Arc<Mutex<usize>>,
+    }
+
+    impl Write for FailOnceMockWriter {
+        async fn write(&mut self, bs: Buffer) -> Result<()> {
+            let mut fail_count = self.fail_count.lock().await;
+            if *fail_count > 0 {
+                *fail_count -= 1;
+                return Err(
+                    Error::new(ErrorKind::Unexpected, "write failed (simulated)").set_temporary(),
+                );
+            }
+            drop(fail_count);
+
+            let mut buf = self.buf.lock().await;
+            buf.put(bs);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        async fn close(&mut self) -> Result<Metadata> {
+            Ok(Metadata::default())
+        }
+
+        async fn abort(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Test that in inexact mode, a write failure retains only the old buffered data
+    /// (not the current bs), so the caller can safely retry without data duplication.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_inexact_write_failure_retains_buffer() -> Result<()> {
+        setup();
+
+        let buf = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![]));
+        let fail_count = Arc::new(Mutex::new(1usize));
+        let mut writer = WriteGenerator::new(
+            Box::new(FailOnceMockWriter {
+                buf: buf.clone(),
+                fail_count: fail_count.clone(),
+            }),
+            Some(10),
+            false, // inexact mode
+        );
+
+        // Write 5 bytes (buffered, below chunk_size=10)
+        let data1 = Bytes::from(vec![1u8, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
+        let n = writer.write(data1.into()).await?;
+        assert_eq!(n, 5);
+
+        // Write 10 bytes — buffer (5) + new (10) = 15 >= chunk_size, triggers flush.
+        // First flush will fail.
+        let data2 = Bytes::from(vec![6u8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]);
+        let err = writer.write(data2.clone().into()).await;
+        assert!(err.is_err(), "first flush should fail");
+
+        // On failure, only old buffer (data1) is retained; data2 is NOT absorbed.
+        // Caller retries with the same data2 — now the mock writer succeeds.
+        let n = writer.write(data2.into()).await?;
+        assert_eq!(n, 10);
+
+        writer.close().await?;
+
+        // Verify no data was lost and no data was duplicated: exactly 15 bytes.
+        let buf = buf.lock().await;
+        assert_eq!(buf.len(), 15);
+        assert_eq!(
+            &*buf,
+            &[1u8, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Test that in exact mode, a write failure retains the buffered data
+    /// so that a subsequent write/close succeeds without data loss.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_exact_write_failure_retains_buffer() -> Result<()> {
+        setup();
+
+        let buf = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![]));
+        let fail_count = Arc::new(Mutex::new(1usize));
+        let mut writer = WriteGenerator::new(
+            Box::new(FailOnceMockWriter {
+                buf: buf.clone(),
+                fail_count: fail_count.clone(),
+            }),
+            Some(10),
+            true, // exact mode
+        );
+
+        // Fill buffer to exactly chunk_size
+        let data1 = Bytes::from(vec![1u8; 10]);
+        let mut remaining = data1.clone();
+        while !remaining.is_empty() {
+            let n = writer.write(remaining.clone().into()).await?;
+            remaining.advance(n);
+        }
+
+        // Write more data — buffer is full (10 bytes), so it flushes first.
+        // The first flush will fail.
+        let data2 = Bytes::from(vec![2u8; 5]);
+        let err = writer.write(data2.clone().into()).await;
+        assert!(err.is_err(), "first flush should fail");
+
+        // Retry — now succeeds. The buffer should still have the original 10 bytes.
+        // On retry, the flush succeeds and clears the buffer, then data2 is buffered.
+        let mut remaining = data2;
+        while !remaining.is_empty() {
+            let n = writer.write(remaining.clone().into()).await?;
+            remaining.advance(n);
+        }
+
+        writer.close().await?;
+
+        // All 15 bytes should be present.
+        let buf = buf.lock().await;
+        assert_eq!(buf.len(), 15);
+        assert_eq!(&buf[..10], &[1u8; 10]);
+        assert_eq!(&buf[10..], &[2u8; 5]);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Test that close() retains buffered data when the underlying write fails,
+    /// and succeeds on retry.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_close_failure_retains_buffer() -> Result<()> {
+        setup();
+
+        let buf = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![]));
+        let fail_count = Arc::new(Mutex::new(1usize));
+        let mut writer = WriteGenerator::new(
+            Box::new(FailOnceMockWriter {
+                buf: buf.clone(),
+                fail_count: fail_count.clone(),
+            }),
+            Some(10),
+            false,
+        );
+
+        // Write 5 bytes (buffered, below chunk_size)
+        let data = Bytes::from(vec![42u8; 5]);
+        let n = writer.write(data.into()).await?;
+        assert_eq!(n, 5);
+
+        // First close attempt fails during flush
+        let err = writer.close().await;
+        assert!(err.is_err(), "first close should fail");
+
+        // Second close attempt succeeds — buffer was retained
+        writer.close().await?;
+
+        let buf = buf.lock().await;
+        assert_eq!(buf.len(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(&*buf, &[42u8; 5]);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }